Ben contributed to the ossrs/ffmpeg-webrtc and FFmpeg/FFmpeg repositories, focusing on hardware-accelerated video encoding and decoding. He stabilized the AV1 hardware encoding path by enforcing driver reference limits and ensuring compliant initialization, which improved compatibility with strict driver environments. In a later sprint, Ben optimized Vulkan-accelerated pipelines, simplifying resource usage and enhancing frame threading and ID management for VP9 and AV1 codecs. He also addressed decoding bugs and refined validation layer tests to align with Vulkan specifications. His work, primarily in C and C++, demonstrated depth in low-level programming, codec implementation, and software validation, resulting in more robust video workflows.